Antigone Review
People to know: (10)
Antigone Haemon
Creon Ismene
Eteocles Oedipus
Eurydice Polynices
Sentry Teiresias
Important Concepts (don’t forget the themes too!):
Anagnorisis
Bravado
Civic Duty
Dilemma
Familial duty
Foil
Hammartia
Hubris
Martyr
Misogyny/gender bias
Pathos
Qualities of a tragic hero
Secular vs. Religious law
Stoic
Titular hero(the hero in the title)
Important Events & Ideas: (25)
Antigone & Ismene’s dilemma and answers (know how they’re foils)
The Sentry’s decision process & how he differs from the rest of the characters
Antigone’s burial of Polynices and reasons for it (both provided and from last play)
Ismene’s motives for coming forward & Antigone’s reasons to shun her
Antigone’s death sentence, how and why it changes
Teiresias reveal of consequences from Polynices
Creon’s chance/loss of chance to change things – prophesy/curse on him
The Chorus and Creon’s regard for them/their opinions throughout the play
Important Quotations: (50)
Know (a) who spoke the line (b) the CIRCUMSTANCES of what is being said and what is said (c) the significance in terms of character, plot or theme development, reasoning for it AND FURTHER SUPPORT TO ANOTHER MOMENT from this play or another we’ve read.
Practice:
Though on earth her life is ended from this day, her blood will not be on our hands. (150) ***
I am your son, sir; by your wise decisions my life is ruled, and them I shall always obey. (143)***
If this is God’s will, I shall learn my lesson in death; but if my enemies are wrong, I wish them no worse punishment than mine. (150)
For Test:
That order did not come from God. Justice that dwells with the gods below knows no such law. I did not think your edicts strong enough to overrule the unwritten unalterable laws of God and heaven, you being only a man. They are not of yesterday or today, but everlasting, though where they came from, none of us can tell ... I knew I would have to die, of course, with or without your order. (138)
I hold to the law, and will never betray it – least of all for a woman better be beaten, if need be, by a man, than let a woman get the better of us. (144)
I hear whispers spoken in the dark; on every side I hear voices of pity for this poor girl, doomed to the cruelest death and most unjust, that ever woman suffered for an honorable action ... such is the secret talk about the town ... good as it is to have infallible wisdom, since this is rarely found, the next best thing is to be willing to listen to wise advice. (145)
O lordly sons of my city! O Thebes
I read the signs of failure in my quest. And why? The blight upon us is your doing. The blood that stains our alters and our shrines, the blood that dogs and vultures have licked up, it is none other than the blood of Oedipus spilled from the veins of his ill-fated son.. (152)
Behold the slayer, the slain the father, the son. O the curse of my stubborn will! … Cut off in the newness of youth, dead for my fault, not yours. (160)
Paragraph: (25)
Although Antigone’s death is sad, Creon fits the bill better as the tragic hero. Explain in a well written paragraph how he is the true tragic hero based on the criteria we have discussed.
Tragic Traits:
o Born into nobility
o Responsible for their own fate
o Doomed to make a serious error in judgment (hammartia/dilemma)
o fall from great heights or high esteem
o realize that they have made a terrible mistake (anagnorisis)
o face and accept death with honor
o meet a tragic end
o cause the audience to be affected by pity and/or fear (pathos)
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